1 The brain is the body's most complex organ.
There are a hundred billion neurons in the human brain, all of which are in use.
Each neuron communicates with many other neurons to form circuits and share information.
Proper nervous system function involves coordinated action of neurons in many brain regions.
The nervous system influences and is influenced by all other body systems (e.g., cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal and immune systems).
Humans have a complex nervous system that evolved from a simpler one.
This complex organ can malfunction in many ways, leading to disorders that have an enormous social and economic impact.
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2. Neurons communicate using both electrical and chemical signals.
Sensory stimuli are converted to electrical signals.
Action potentials are electrical signals carried along neurons.
Synapses are chemical or electrical junctions that allow electrical signals to pass from neurons to other cells.
Electrical signals in muscles cause contraction and movement.
Changes in the amount of activity at a synapses can enhance or reduce its function.
Communication between neurons is strengthened or weakened by an individual's activities, such as exercise, stress, and drug use.
All perceptions, thoughts, and behaviours result from combinations of signals among neurons.
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